California Penal Code 594 – Vandalism 

Overview 

California Penal Code 594 PC makes it a crime to maliciously damage, destroy, or deface someone else’s property. Whether it’s graffiti, broken windows, or property damage during a domestic dispute—vandalism can be charged as a misdemeanor or felony, depending on the value of the damage. 

We’ve defended vandalism charges tied to everything from heated arguments to protest arrests to neighborhood disputes. At Jones Trial Attorneys, we know how to de-escalate these charges—or take them to trial if needed. 

Legal Definition 

Penal Code § 594 states: 

“Every person who maliciously commits any of the following acts with respect to any real or personal property not their own… is guilty of vandalism: 

(a) Defaces with graffiti or other inscribed material; 

(b) Damages; or 

(c) Destroys.” 

Malice means doing something on purpose—not by accident. 

Elements of the Crime 

To convict someone of vandalism under PC 594, the prosecution must prove: 

1. You maliciously defaced, damaged, or destroyed property; 

2. The property belonged to someone else; 

3. The amount of damage can be reasonably calculated. 

If the value is $400 or more, the charge can be filed as a felony. 

Penalties for Vandalism 

Misdemeanor Vandalism (Under $400 in Damage) 

• Up to 1 year in county jail 

• Fines up to $1,000 (or $5,000 for prior offenses) 

• Community service or graffiti cleanup 

• Protective/stay-away orders 

• Criminal record (unless diverted) 

Felony Vandalism (Over $400 in Damage) 

• 16 months, 2, or 3 years in county jail 

• Formal probation 

• Restitution to the victim 

• Gang enhancement if graffiti involved in gang context 

You may also face license suspension (if under 21) or a strike if other violent conduct is involved. 

Defenses to PC 594 Charges 

Vandalism often hinges on intent, property ownership, and actual damage value. Common defenses include: 

• Accidental damage – You didn’t act maliciously 

• False accusation – Common in disputes between neighbors, exes, or family members 

• No ownership – The property wasn’t actually owned by the alleged victim 

• Damage under $400 – Key to reducing the charge to a misdemeanor 

• First Amendment defense – In protest or political expression contexts 

We fight to reduce felony charges to misdemeanors—or get cases dismissed through diversion or civil compromise. 

Immigration and Employment Consequences 

Vandalism can be classified as a crime of moral turpitude depending on context—especially gang-related or hate-based incidents. 

• Risk of deportation or inadmissibility 

• Impact on professional licenses or public employment 

• Negative effect on security clearance or housing 

We tailor defense strategies to avoid these consequences whenever possible. 

Related Offenses 

• PC 602 – Trespass 

Often charged alongside vandalism in property-related cases 

• PC 422 – Criminal Threats 

When vandalism includes threatening messages 

• PC 451 – Arson 

If the act involved fire or destruction by burning 

How Jones Trial Attorneys Can Help 

We’ve handled vandalism cases across San Diego—from downtown protests to suburban disputes. We investigate damage claims, value estimates, and context to get cases dismissed, diverted, or dramatically reduced. 

💼 Free consultations 

⚖️ Trial-tested representation 

📍 Local San Diego firm with deep courtroom experience 

Talk to a Criminal Defense Attorney Today 

Call us now at (866) JTA-WINS or Schedule a Free Consultation using the form below.